Sapphire - Blue - Emerald

Sapphire is a member of the corundum family.It comes from the Greek word Sappheiros which means Blue gems.Although blue is the most well known hue, sapphire appears in any other color except red (which is Ruby).

History-

Ever since the beginning of mankind history Sapphire was admired and was referred to as a symbol of loyalty. It was believed that sapphire owned magical powers and was able to change its color  near powerful poisons, and was wore as a talisman to protect, heal and bring peace, joy, wisdom and prosperity. 

·         Sapphire is the birthstone associated with September.

·         The 45th wedding anniversary is known as the Sapphire anniversary.

Blue sapphire
Enhancement code H
Properties:
RI = 1.762-1.77
Hardness = 9
Specific gravity = 4.0
Species – Corundum
Optic character – DR
Phenomena – chatoyancy (very rare)

Care-
Clean with soapy water or commercial solvent and brush. Mechanical cleaners are safe, except for heavily included gems.

Reactions-
Ultrasonic: usually safe
Steamer: usually safe
Heat: poor; may sometimes improve color, but may cause loss of color
Chemicals: Borax

Major sources-
Australia, India, Myanmar, Kampuchea, Kenya, Sri Lanka, Tanzania, Thailand